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The effectiveness of computer games on reducing the symptoms of aggression in adolescents

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Zohre Taghizade Shool

Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of computer games on reducing the symptoms of aggression in adolescents. The design of the present study is quasi-experimental and pre-test-post-test with a control group. The statistical population of this study was high school adolescents in Tehran in 2020. The number of these adolescents was 75, of which 30 were screened by the Adolescent Symptoms Questionnaire (Baadi, 2000). Out of 30 high school boys with aggression, 15 were in the control group and 15 in the experimental group by accident. The sampling method of the present study was available. The treatment intervention program was performed only for the experimental group. The list of aggression was completed by the educators for one week, the degree of aggression of each child was determined. The teens were then screened. Subjects were then replaced in experimental and control groups. After a week, computer game therapy sessions began on the experimental group and the control group waited. After 4 weeks (8 sessions) play therapy (twice a week for one hour each session), then post-test was performed. The obtained data were analyzed using the relevant statistical software. The results of this study showed that computer game intervention reduces aggression in high school adolescents (p <0.05).

A Study of the Legal System of New Technologies in Iran

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Sadegh Dehmardeh

Abstract
New communication tools are a combination of several technologies including mass communication, informatics and telecommunications. This technology triangle helps humans capture, store, process, retrieve, transmit and receive information anytime, anywhere. New communication technologies complement the possibilities offered by the means of communication of the past. These technologies have unique features that distinguish them from the old means of communication. We take a look at the features and characteristics of new communication and information technologies in the present age. Given the rapid growth of computer technology and the evolution of the information age and the expansion of network communications, as well as the ease of committing crimes related to new technologies, the issue of updating and the need to enact laws is very necessary. Digital fraud is one of the oldest forms of cybercrime Although the general measures against various types of fraudulent methods are almost the same, but with the differences in the various methods of fraud, it is necessary to use appropriate countermeasures. Some countermeasures require the creation of a culture of computer use. It is also important to inform individuals and organizations about the dangers of computer systems. It is also important for organizations to constantly monitor computer systems and take security measures such as physical protection, employee protection, communication protection, and information protection against digital fraud. It is special. Merely criminalizing a behavior is not enough to deal with it, but it is also necessary to apply the enforcement guarantee for the perpetrator, and it requires the detection of the crime and the prosecution and arrest of the perpetrator, but given that the commission of computer crimes Requires presence The perpetrator is not at the scene of the crime and also due to the cross-border aspect of cybercrime and the limited powers of legal authorities in the field of geographical borders in this regard, the need for international cooperation in detecting, prosecuting and extraditing criminals is emphasized.

An inspiring study of the final narrative of the "Declaration of Human Rights" based on the Western philosophical system and non-Western philosophical and legal traditions

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Forough Mirparsa

Abstract
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, adopted on December 10, 1948, by forty-eight votes in favor and eight abstentions. From the very beginning of its formation, it provoked important controversies and revealed many fundamental differences in the values and cultures of nations. These conflicts and differences eventually took shape in the two realms of "civilized" and "intra-civilized", and the three realms of "philosophical", "historical" and "practical". One of the most enduring issues was on what basis human rights should be declared. The history of the Declaration makes it clear that the issues discussed at the time and the views that inspired the final version of the Declaration of Human Rights were essentially related to a Western philosophical system. Non-Western philosophical and legal traditions - which may have raised different or complementary ideals of human rights - were seldom considered in negotiations and consultations. Even those members of the Commission on Human Rights who represented non-Western countries often studied in the West themselves or in institutions that represented Western powers and ideas in their own country. Thus, although occasional references were made to nonWestern traditions such as Confucianism or Islam, references to Western traditions dominated the polls that led to the final draft of the Universal Declaration.